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Queen Elizabeth's Pocket Pistol is a cannon built in 1544 in Utrecht by Jan Tolhuys, before Elizabeth came to the throne.〔http://www.doverpages.co.uk/dover/pocket_pistol.htm〕 The gun was presented to Henry VIII by Maximiliaan van Egmond, Count of Buren and Stadtholder of Friesland as a gift for his young daughter Elizabeth.〔(Panoramio - Photo of Queen Elizabeth's Pocket Pistol, Naafi Restaurant, Knights Road, Dover Castle, Kent, UK (1) )〕 The cannon measures 24 ft in length and fired 4.75 inch (121 mm) calibre cannonballs. The cannon is decorated with engravings of fruit, flowers, grotesques, and figures symbolizing Liberty, Victory and Fame.〔(The Pocket Pistol )〕 There is also a Tudor coat of arms which includes a verse in Dutch, which translates in English as ''Break, tear every wall and rampart, Am I called, Across mountain and valley, pierces my ball, By me stricken''. Between 1613 and 1622 the gun was used and was found to be capable of firing a 10 lb (4.5 kg) ball a distance of 2000 yards (1.8 km).〔"Treasures of Britain" by Drive Publications Limited, for the Automobile Association. P.167〕 Before the English Civil War it guarded the cliffs of Dover〔"The History of the Castle, Town and Port of Dover" by Reverend S. P. H. Statham, Rector of St Mary-in-the-Castle (ie St Mary-in-Castro) (Longmans, Green, and Co., 1899〕 and propaganda of the time claimed it could fire a 12 lb ball seven miles.〔(Dover Castle - Queen Elizabeth's Pocket Pistol, Kent, UK (1) | Flickr - Photo Sharing! )〕 Some even said its shot could reach France if the gun was properly maintained〔(Dorsington - Down-Ampney | A Topographical Dictionary of England (pp. 78-84) )〕 though this is an exaggeration; tests done in the 1970s with similar basilisks have a more realistic range of 1200 yards with a 10 lb ball.〔 In 1644 King Charles I's forces in Cornwall reported capturing from the Earl of Essex '49 Peeces of faire Brasse Ordnance (taken then and the day before) among which was the great Basilisco of Dover …'.〔''Mercurius Aulicus'' Week 36, British Library, Thomason Tracts E.10()〕 This cannon has since been identified as Queen Elizabeth's Pocket Pistol.〔W. Y. Carmen, 2004. ''A History of Firearms: From Earliest Times to 1914''. Dover Publications, p.45〕 Later that year the gun saw action at the siege of Hull where it was recaptured by the Roundheads and used at the Siege of Sheffield.〔"Dover Castle" by R. Allen Brown (Her Majesty's Stationery Office, HMSO 1974〕 The cannon can be seen at Dover Castle on a replacement carriage made in the 18th century from captured French guns.〔 A copy of the cannon is displayed in Buren, Netherlands next to the museum of the Dutch Royal Family. (Museum Buren en Oranje ) (in Dutch). ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Queen Elizabeth's Pocket Pistol」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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